원거리 극초단파 무선 전력 전송(Microwave WPT) 역지향 렉테나 & 1,000Hz 0-Alloc C# 정류 효율 MPPT 서보 엔진

using System;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;

namespace ZeliDesk.Stem.WirelessPower
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 렉테나 MPPT 상태 텔레메트리 구조체 (16-byte 스택 전용)
    /// </summary>
    public readonly ref struct RectennaMpptState
    {
        public readonly float OutputPowerWatts;   // 정류 출력 전력 (W)
        public readonly float RectificationEff;   // 정류 변환 효율 (0.0~1.0)
        public readonly float EquivalentLoadOhm;  // 현재 등가 부하 저항 (Ohm)
        public readonly float ConverterDutyCycle; // DC-DC 컨버터 PWM 듀티 (0.0~1.0)

        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public RectennaMpptState(float power, float eff, float rLoad, float duty)
        {
            OutputPowerWatts = power;
            RectificationEff = eff;
            EquivalentLoadOhm = rLoad;
            ConverterDutyCycle = duty;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 1,000Hz Zero-Allocation 극초단파 렉테나 MPPT 서보 엔진
    /// </summary>
    public ref struct RectennaMpptServoEngine
    {
        private float _lastVoltageV;       // 직전 샘플링 전압
        private float _lastPowerW;         // 직전 샘플링 전력
        private float _currentDuty;        // 현재 PWM 듀티
        private readonly float _dutyStep;  // 1ms 섭동 스텝 크기

        private const float MinDuty = 0.05f;
        private const float MaxDuty = 0.95f;

        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public RectennaMpptServoEngine(float initialDuty, float stepSize)
        {
            _currentDuty = initialDuty;
            _dutyStep = stepSize;
            _lastVoltageV = 0.0f;
            _lastPowerW = 0.0f;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 1ms 주기(1,000Hz) 렉테나 출력 계측치 기반 P&O MPPT 및 듀티 갱신 (0-Alloc)
        /// </summary>
        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
        public RectennaMpptState Update1Khz(float voltageV, float currentA, float incidentRfPowerW)
        {
            // 1) 순시 출력 직류 전력 및 등가 저항 산출
            float currentPowerW = voltageV * currentA;
            float rLoad = currentA > 0.001f ? voltageV / currentA : 10000.0f;

            // 2) 순수 정류 효율 계산
            float eff = incidentRfPowerW > 0.01f ? Math.Clamp(currentPowerW / incidentRfPowerW, 0.0f, 0.92f) : 0.0f;

            // 3) 초고속 교란관측법(P&O) 알고리즘 적용
            float deltaPower = currentPowerW - _lastPowerW;
            float deltaVoltage = voltageV - _lastVoltageV;

            if (MathF.Abs(deltaVoltage) > 0.005f)
            {
                if (deltaPower > 0.0f)
                {
                    _currentDuty += (deltaVoltage > 0.0f) ? -_dutyStep : _dutyStep;
                }
                else
                {
                    _currentDuty += (deltaVoltage > 0.0f) ? _dutyStep : -_dutyStep;
                }
            }

            _currentDuty = Math.Clamp(_currentDuty, MinDuty, MaxDuty);

            _lastVoltageV = voltageV;
            _lastPowerW = currentPowerW;

            return new RectennaMpptState(currentPowerW, eff, rLoad, _currentDuty);
        }
    }
}